檢測信息（部分）
問題：電纜和光纜檢測主要涉及哪些產品信息？
回答：電纜和光纜檢測涵蓋導體材料、絕緣層性能、護套機械強度、傳輸性能（如衰減、帶寬）、耐環境能力（如耐高溫、耐腐蝕）等核心信息。
問題：電纜和光纜的用途范圍是什么？
回答：電纜用于電力傳輸、電氣設備連接；光纜用于通信信號傳輸、數據傳輸網絡、廣播電視等領域，覆蓋能源、通信、交通等行業。
問題：檢測概要包括哪些內容？
回答：檢測流程包括樣品準備、物理性能測試、電氣性能分析、環境適應性評估及報告生成，確保產品符合國家標準或行業規范。
檢測項目（部分）
- 導體電阻：反映導電材料質量及傳輸效率
- 絕緣厚度：影響絕緣性能和安全性
- 抗張強度：評估材料在拉力下的耐久性
- 彎曲性能：測試反復彎折后的結構完整性
- 耐電壓測試：驗證絕緣層在高電壓下的耐受能力
- 衰減常數：衡量信號傳輸過程中的能量損失
- 阻燃等級：評估材料在火災中的阻燃特性
- 耐老化性能：模擬長期使用后的材料穩定性
- 護套硬度：影響機械保護和環境適應性
- 回波損耗：檢測光信號反射導致的傳輸質量下降
- 電容不平衡：評估多芯電纜的電磁兼容性
- 光纖幾何參數：確保纖芯與包層的尺寸精度
- 拉伸載荷：測試光纜在安裝時的抗拉能力
- 環境溫度循環：驗證極端溫度下的性能穩定性
- 耐化學腐蝕：檢測材料對酸堿等腐蝕介質的抵抗能力
- 色散系數：影響光信號傳輸的延遲和失真
- 絕緣電阻：衡量絕緣材料阻止電流泄漏的能力
- 護套抗沖擊：測試外部機械沖擊的防護效果
- 光纖斷裂強度：評估纖芯在受力時的極限強度
- 耐火性能：確保火災中維持電路完整性
檢測范圍（部分）
- 電力電纜
- 通信光纜
- 同軸電纜
- 光纖復合電纜
- 礦用電纜
- 海底光纜
- 阻燃電纜
- 耐火電纜
- 控制電纜
- 架空絕緣電纜
- 數據電纜
- 射頻電纜
- 特種光纜（如軍用、航空）
- 柔性電纜
- 高溫電纜
- 低煙無鹵電纜
- 預制分支電纜
- 光纜接續盒
- 光纖跳線
- 帶狀光纜
檢測儀器（部分）
- 光譜分析儀
- 高壓絕緣電阻測試儀
- 萬能材料試驗機
- 光纖熔接機
- 電纜故障定位儀
- 光時域反射儀（OTDR）
- 耐電壓擊穿試驗機
- 環境試驗箱
- 導體電阻測試儀
- 彎曲試驗機
檢測標準（部分）
注1：本試驗方法不能用于測定氟含量，氟含量的試驗方法見IEC60684-2。
注2：本試驗方法可用于測試生產電纜或光纜用的材料，但不宜基于這樣的一個試驗來申明電纜或光纜的性能。
注3：相關電纜或光纜標準宜指明電纜或光纜中的哪些組件宜進行測試。
注4：對于本文件，“電纜”是指傳輸能量或信號的所有絕緣金屬導體電纜。
本文件規定的方法適用于測定電纜或光纜中的獨立的各個部件。能夠確定電纜或光纜的各個獨立部件是否滿足要求。
注5：供需雙方協商一致的前提下，本文件中給出的方法可用于測定電纜或光纜整體混合材料的鹵酸氣體含量。但是這種方法的使用不宜判定電纜或光纜性能的合格性。附錄A給出了這種試驗方法的相關信息。
由于測量精度的原因，對于鹵酸氣體含量小于5mg/g的材料不宜在報告中給出檢測值。
本文件規定的方法適用于檢測電纜或光纜的各個組件。給出了計算電纜或光纜中材料組合的加權值的公式。本方法能驗證電纜或光纜標準中規定的電纜或光纜結構中各組件的相關要求。
本文件中列出的簡化方法，僅為證明各組件符合質量控制目的所規定的性能要求。
注1：相關電纜或光纜標準宜指明電纜或光纜中的哪些組件宜進行測試，在有爭議的情況下宜使用哪種計算方法（見第8章）。
注2：本方法可用于測試生產電纜或光纜用的材料，但不宜基于這樣的一個試驗來申明電纜或光纜的性能。
注3：本文件中術語“電纜"是指傳輸能量或信號的所有絕緣金屬導體電纜。
使用的試驗裝置的細節。在有焰燃燒或無焰燃燒條件下，透光率（I：）能用來作為比較不同電纜或判斷
是否符合特定要求的手段。
注：本文件中“電纜”是指用來傳輸電能或信號的所有絕緣金屬導體電纜。
本文件適用于額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下的電纜，包括額定電壓低于80V的金屬導體數據和電信電纜及光纜。
本文件適用于外徑大于20mm的試驗電纜。
直徑較小的電纜將使用GB/T19216.2的設備、程序和要求進行試驗。
本文件描述了額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下電力電纜和控制電纜的試驗失敗點、連續性檢查裝置、試驗樣品、試驗程序和試驗報告的詳細信息。未給出金屬導體數據和電信電纜及光纜的試驗失敗點、連續性檢查裝置、試驗樣品、試驗程序和試驗報告的詳細信息。
雖然適用范圍僅局限于額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下的電纜，但當制造廠和買方同意，并配備合適的熔斷器后，能適用于額定電壓1.8/3(3.3)kV及以下的電纜。
附錄A給出了試驗用燃燒器和控制系統的驗證方法。
需要識別標識時可選擇在電纜上標記，以表示符合本文件。
本文件適用于額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下的電纜，包括額定電壓低于80V的金屬導體數據和電信電纜及光纜。
本文件適用于外徑小于或等于20mm的試驗電纜。
直徑較大的電纜將使用GB/T19216.1的設備、程序和要求進行試驗。
本文件描述了額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下電力電纜和控制電纜的試驗失敗點、連續性檢查裝置、試驗樣品、試驗程序和試驗報告的詳細信息。未給出金屬導體數據和電信電纜及光纜的試驗失敗點、連續性檢查裝置、試驗樣品、試驗程序和試驗報告的詳細信息。
雖然適用范圍僅局限于額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下的電纜，但當制造廠和買方同意，并配備合適的熔斷器后，也能適用于額定電壓1.8/3(3.3)kV及以下的電纜。
附錄A給出了試驗用燃燒器和控制系統的驗證方法。
需要識別標識時可選擇在電纜上標記，以表示符合本文件。
警示：本文件中的試驗可能涉及使用危險的電壓和溫度。宜采取適當的預防措施，防止可能涉及的電擊、燃燒、火災和爆炸的危險，以及可能產生的任何有害氣體。
本文件適用于額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下的電纜，包括額定電壓低于80V的金屬導體數據和電信電纜及光纜。
本文件適用于外徑小于或等于20mm的試驗電纜。
本文件描述了額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下電力電纜和控制電纜的試驗失敗點、連續性檢查裝置、試驗樣品、試驗程序和試驗報告的詳細信息。未給出金屬導體數據和電信電纜及光纜的試驗失敗點、連續性檢查裝置、試驗樣品、試驗程序和試驗報告的詳細信息。
雖然適用范圍僅局限于額定電壓0.6/1kV及以下的電纜，但當制造廠和買方同意，并配備合適的熔斷器后，也能適用于額定電壓1.8/3(3.3)kV及以下的電纜。
不假定用此方法檢測成功的電纜也能通過GB/T19216.1-2021或GB/T19216.2-2021的要求。對這兩個標準中任何一個的試驗都要分別進行。根據GB/T19216.1-2021第11章或GB/T19216.2-2021第11章的規定，這種額外的性能能通過標記來識別。
附錄A給出了試驗用燃燒器和控制系統的驗證方法。
本標準適用于含鹵、無鹵、低煙、低毒的阻燃和耐火電線電纜或光纜產品。
This test method provides a means to measure a variety of fire-test-response characteristics associated with smoke obscuration and resulting from burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables. The specimens are allowed to burn freely under well ventilated conditions after ignition by means of a propane gas burner.
Smoke obscuration quantifies the visibility in fires.
This test method is also suitable for measuring the rate of heat release as an optional measurement. The rate of heat release often serves as an indication of the intensity of the fire generated.
Other optional fire-test-response characteristics that are measurable by this test method are useful to make decisions on fire safety. The most important gaseous components of smoke are the carbon oxides present in all fires. They are major indicators of the toxicity of the atmosphere and of the completeness of combustion and are often used as part of fire hazard assessment calculations and to improve the accuracy of heat release measurements. Other toxic gases which are specific to certain materials are less crucial for determining combustion completeness.
Test Limitations:
5.5.1 The fire-test-response characteristics measured in this test method are a representation of the manner in which the specimens tested behave under certain specific conditions. Do not assume they are representative of a generic fire performance of the materials tested when made into cables of the construction under consideration.
5.5.2 In particular it is unlikely that this test method is an adequate representation of the fire behavior of cables in confined spaces without abundant circulation of air.
5.5.3 This is an intermediate-scale test and the predictability of its results to large scale fires has not been determined. Some information exists to suggest that it has been validated against some large-scale scenarios.
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.2 This test method provides a means to measure the smoke obscuration resulting from burning electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables when the cable specimens excluding accessories are subjected to a specified flaming ignition source and burn freely under well ventilated conditions.
1.3 This test method provides two different protocols for exposing the materials when made into cable specimens to an ignition source (approximately 20 kW) for a 20 min test duration. Use it to determine the flame propagation and smoke release characteristics of the materials contained in single and multiconductor electrical or optical fiber cables designed for use in cable trays.
1.4 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of electrical or optical fiber cables in fire conditions other than the ones specifically used in this test method nor does it measure the contribution of the cables to a developing fire condition.
1.5 Data describing the burning behavior from ignition to the end of the test are obtained.
1.6 The production of light obscuring smoke is measured.
1.7 The burning behavior is documented visually by photographic or video recordings or both.
1.8 The test equipment is suitable for making other optional measurements including the rate of heat release of the burning specimen by an oxygen consumption technique and weight loss.
1.9 Another set of optional measurements are the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the combustion gases.
1.10 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI 10).
This standard measures and describes the response of materials products or assemblies to heat and flame under contro......
This test method is used to determine the heat release rate and a number of other fire-test-response characteristics as a result of exposing insulating materials contained in electrical or optical cables to a prescribed heating flux in the cone calorimeter apparatus.
Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that is potentially useful for design of electrical or optical cables and product development.
Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by giving a quantitative measure of specific changes in fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. Heat release data from this test method will not be predictive of product behavior if the product will not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest.
The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method are affected by the thickness of the material used as test specimen whether as a plaque or as coating on a wire or cable. The diameter of the wire or cable used will also affect the test results.
A radiant exposure is used as an energy source for this test method. This type of source has been used for comparison with heat release rate and flame spread studies of insulating materials constructed into cables when burning in a vertical cable tray configuration (Test Methods D 5424
The value of heat release rate corresponding to the critical limit between propagating cable fires and non-propagating fires is not known.
This test method does not determine the net heat of combustion.
It has not been demonstrated that this test method is capable of predicting the response of electrical or optical fiber cables in a full scale fire. In particular this test method does not address the self-extinguishing characteristics of the cables in a full scale fire.
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.2 Several fire-test-response characteristics including the time to sustained flaming heat release rate total heat released effective heat of combustion and specific extinction area; are measured or calculated by this test method at a constant radiant heating flux. For specific limitations see also 5.7 and Section 6.
1.3 The tests are conducted by burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables when the cable test specimens excluding accessories are subjected to radiant heat.
1.4 This standard measures and describes the response of materials products or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability or regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 7.
This test method is used to determine the heat release rate and a number of other fire-test-response characteristics as a result of exposing insulating materials contained in electrical or optical cables to a prescribed heating flux in the cone calorimeter apparatus.
Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that is potentially useful for design of electrical or optical cables and product development.
Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by giving a quantitative measure of specific changes in fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. Heat release data from this test method will not be predictive of product behavior if the product will not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest.
The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method are affected by the thickness of the material used as test specimen whether as a plaque or as coating on a wire or cable. The diameter of the wire or cable used will also affect the test results.
A radiant exposure is used as an energy source for this test method. This type of source has been used for comparison with heat release rate and flame spread studies of insulating materials constructed into cables when burning in a vertical cable tray configuration (Test Methods D5424 and D5537) (2-9). No definitive relationships have been established.
The value of heat release rate corresponding to the critical limit between propagating cable fires and non-propagating fires is not known.
This test method does not determine the net heat of combustion.
It has not been demonstrated that this test method is capable of predicting the response of electrical or optical fiber cables in a full scale fire. In particular this test method does not address the self-extinguishing characteristics of the cables in a full scale fire.
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.2 Several fire-test-response characteristics including the time to sustained flaming heat release rate total heat released effective heat of combustion and specific extinction area; are measured or calculated by this test method at a constant radiant heating flux. For specific limitations see also 5.7 and Section 6.
1.3 The tests are conducted by burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables when the cable test specimens excluding accessories are subjected to radiant heat.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability or regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 7.
1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials products or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
This test method provides a means to measure a variety of fire-test-response characteristics associated with heat and smoke release and resulting from burning the materials insulating electrical or optical fiber cables when made into cables and installed on a vertical cable tray. The specimens are allowed to burn freely under well ventilated conditions after ignition by means of a propane gas burner.
The rate of heat release often serves as an indication of the intensity of the fire generated. General considerations of the importance of heat release rate are discussed in Appendix X1 and considerations for heat release calculations are in Appendix X2.
Other fire-test-response characteristics that are measurable by this test method are useful to make decisions on fire safety. The test method is also used for measuring smoke obscuration. The apparatus described here is also useful to measure gaseous components of smoke; the most important gaseous components of smoke are the carbon oxides present in all fires. The carbon oxides are major indicators of the completeness of combustion and are often used as part of fire hazard assessment calculations and to improve the accuracy of heat release measurements.
Test Limitations:
The fire-test-response characteristics measured in this test are a representation of the manner in which the specimens tested behave under certain specific conditions. Do not assume they are representative of a generic fire performance of the materials tested when made into cables of the construction under consideration.
In particular it is unlikely that this test is an adequate representation of the fire behavior of cables in confined spaces without abundant circulation of air.
This is an intermediate-scale test and the predictability of its results to large scale fires has not been determined. Some information exists to suggest validation with regard to some large-scale scenarios.
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.2 This test method provides a means to measure the heat released and smoke obscuration by burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables when the cable specimens excluding accessories are subjected to a specified flaming ignition source and burn freely under well ventilated conditions. Flame propagation cable damage by char length and mass loss are also measured.
1.3 This test method provides two different protocols for exposing the materials when made into cable specimens to an ignition source (approximately 20 kW) for a 20 min test duration. Use it to determine the heat release smoke release flame propagation and mass loss characteristics of the materials contained in single and multiconductor electrical or optical fiber cables.
1.4 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of materials insulating electrical or optical fiber cables in fire conditions other than the ones specifically used in this test method nor does it measure the contribution of the materials in those cables to a developing fire condition.
1.5 Data describing the burning behavior from ignition to the end of the test are obtained.
1.6 This test equipment is suitable for measuring the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the combustion gases (see Appendix X4).
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard (see ). The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard measures and describes the response of materials pr......
注1：如果需要，將木文件的試驗與GB/T18380.13的試驗同時進行。
附錄A給出了推薦的性能要求。
本文件規定了1kW預混合型火焰的常規用法，不適用于測試總截面積小于0.5mm2的小規格單根電線電纜，因為其導體在試驗結束之前會被熔化，也不適用于細光纜，因為在試驗結束前光纜會斷裂。在這些情況下，IEC60332-2-2給出的試驗方法適用。
注2：使用能延緩火焰蔓延并符合本文件要求的電線電纜或光纜并不足以保證該電線電纜或光纜能在所有敷設條件下阻止火焰的蔓延，因此，在一些蔓延危險性高的場合，如成束電纜大長度垂直敷設時，還需采用特殊的裝置來預防。符合本文件推薦的性能要求的電纜試樣，不表明其成束阻燃性能亦合格（見GB/T18380.31~GB/T18380.36)。
注：如果需要，將本文件的試驗與GB/T18380.12的試驗同時進行。
附錄A給出了推薦的性能要求。
本文件規定了1kW預混合型火焰的常規用法，不適用于測試總截面積小于0.5mm2的小規格單根電線電纜，因為其導體在試驗結束之前會被熔化，也不適用于細光纜，因為在試驗結束前光纜會斷裂。
注：本文件中術語“電線電纜”包括所有用于能量或信號傳輸的金屬導體絕緣電纜。
本文件適用于安裝在試驗鋼梯上的電纜或光纜試樣段所含非金屬材料的標稱體積總量為7L/m。供火時間為40min。電纜和光纜安裝在鋼梯前面，導體截面大于35mm2的電纜根據電纜試樣段數量選擇標準鋼梯或寬型鋼梯，導體截面35mm2及以下的電纜和光纜使用標準鋼梯。A類用于評定高非金屬材料體積含量的場合。
本試驗用于型式認可試驗。試驗用電纜和光纜的選擇要求見附錄A?；鹧媛油ㄟ^電纜和光纜試樣的損壞范圍來測定。本試驗程序可用于驗證電纜和光纜抑制火焰蔓延的能力。
附錄B中給出了推薦的性能要求。
注：本文件中術語“電線電纜”包括所有用于電能或信號傳輸的金屬導體絕緣電纜。
本文件適用于安裝在試驗鋼梯上的電纜和光纜試樣段所含非金屬材料的標稱體積總量為3.5L/m。供火時間為40min。電纜和光纜安裝在鋼梯前面。B類用于評定中等非金屬材料體積含量的場合。
本試驗用于型式認可試驗。試驗用電纜和光纜的選擇要求見附錄A?；鹧媛油ㄟ^電纜和光纜試樣的損壞范圍來測定。本試驗程序可用于驗證電纜和光纜抑制火焰蔓延的能力。
附錄B中給出了推薦的性能要求。
注：本文件中術語“電線電纜”包括所有用于電能或信號傳輸的金屬導體絕緣電纜。
本文件適用于安裝在試驗鋼梯上的電纜和光纜試樣段所含非金屬材料的標稱體積總量為1.5L/m。供火時間為20min。電纜和光纜安裝在鋼梯前面，C類用于評定低非金屬材料體積含量的場合。
本試驗用于型式認可試驗。試驗用電纜和光纜的選擇要求見附錄A?；鹧媛油ㄟ^電纜和光纜試樣的損壞范圍來測定。本試驗程序可用于驗證電纜和光纜抑制火焰蔓延的能力。
附錄B中給出了推薦的性能要求。
注：本文件中術語“電線電纜”包括所有用于電能或信號傳輸的金屬導體絕緣電纜。
本文件適用于外徑不超過12mm且截而積不超過35mm2小電纜和光纜，安裝在試驗鋼梯上的電纜和光纜試樣段所含非金屬材料的標稱體積總量為0.5L/m。供火時間為20min。電纜和光纜安裝在鋼梯前面。D類用于評定極低非金屬材料休積含量的小電纜的場合。
本試驗用于型式認可試驗。試驗用電纜和光纜的選擇要求見附錄A?；鹧媛油ㄟ^電纜和光纜試樣的損壞范圍來測定。本試驗程序可用于驗證電纜和光纜抑制火焰蔓延的能力。
附錄B中給出了推薦的性能要求。
注：本文件中術語“電線電纜”包括所有用于電能或信號傳輸的金屬導體絕緣電纜。
檢測資質（部分）
檢測優勢
檢測實驗室（部分）
合作客戶（部分）
檢測報告作用
1、可以幫助生產商識別產品的潛在問題或缺陷，并及時改進生產工藝，保障產品的品質和安全性。
2、可以為生產商提供科學的數據，證明其產品符合國際、國家和地區相關標準和規定，從而增強產品的市場競爭力。
3、可以評估產品的質量和安全性，確保產品能夠達到預期效果，同時減少潛在的健康和安全風險。
4、可以幫助生產商構建品牌形象，提高品牌信譽度，并促進產品的銷售和市場推廣。
5、可以確定性能和特性以及元素，例如力學性能、化學性質、物理性能、熱學性能等，從而為產品設計、制造和使用提供參考。
6、可以評估產品是否含有有毒有害成分，以及是否符合環保要求，從而保障產品的安全性。
檢測流程
1、中析研究所接受客戶委托，為客戶提供檢測服務
2、客戶可選擇寄送樣品或由我們的工程師進行采樣，以確保樣品的準確性和可靠性。
3、我們的工程師會對樣品進行初步評估，并提供報價，以便客戶了解檢測成本。
4、雙方將就檢測項目進行詳細溝通，并簽署保密協議，以保證客戶信息的保密性。在此基礎上，我們將進行測試試驗.
5、在檢測過程中，我們將與客戶進行密切溝通，以便隨時調整測試方案，確保測試進度。
6、試驗測試通常在7-15個工作日內完成，具體時間根據樣品的類型和數量而定。
7、出具檢測樣品報告，以便客戶了解測試結果和檢測數據，為客戶提供有力的支持和幫助。
以上為電纜或光纜檢測的檢測內容，如需更多內容以及服務請聯系在線工程師。
